Terceirizar serviços é uma boa estratégia para as empresas que desejam reduzir custos com seleção e treinamento de funcionários e ter uma equipe com alta especialização técnica. Assim, também diminuem as preocupações com as questões envolvendo vínculos formais empregatícios e as obrigações decorrentes dessas relações trabalhistas.
Contratar funcionários terceirizados vem sendo a melhor opção para as empresas principais, que podem manter o foco nas suas atividades centrais (core business). Afinal, a responsabilidade de arcar com os direitos trabalhistas do funcionário cabe à empresa terceirizada, ou seja, a empresa que oferece o serviço de contratação e fica responsável por planejar, executar e supervisionar tarefas específicas.
Neste post, vamos apresentar alguns cuidados que devem ser tomados durante o processo de contratação de funcionários terceirizados. Acompanhe a leitura e saiba mais detalhes!
A contratação de funcionários terceirizados
A terceirização é o ato de uma empresa tomadora contratar outra empresa prestadora com a função de executar determinados serviços. Nesse sentido, a empresa ou mão-de-obra prestadora de serviços ficam vinculadas à empresa tomadora pelo período de duração do contrato.
A terceirização de serviços encontra previsão legal na Lei nº 13.429/2017, que trouxe mudanças para as relações de emprego ao regulamentar o trabalho terceirizado e temporário no país. Os exemplos mais comuns de terceirização são aqueles que envolvem a prestação de serviços específicos, como limpeza, segurança, contabilidade e serviços administrativos.
A lei garante às empresas a possibilidade de contratar um trabalhador independentemente da atividade que ele desempenha. Nesse sentido, se tornou possível ter empregados que executam a “atividade fim” de uma empresa tomadora, sem que isso enseje a existência de vínculo trabalhista com esta. Na verdade, o contrato é acordado entre o trabalhador e a empresa terceirizada prestadora de serviços.
Cuidados com a contratação de funcionários terceirizados
A terceirização pode ser utilizada de modo indevido pelas empresas para burlar a legislação trabalhista e fiscal. Por isso, é importante estar atento ao contrato e às relações que envolvem a prestação desse tipo de serviço de modo a garantir que tudo ocorra dentro da lei.
Confira, a seguir, alguns cuidados com a contratação de terceirizados que merecem atenção.
Ler o contrato
O contrato de terceirização deve conter todas as cláusulas relacionadas com a prestação do serviço. Todas as condições devem ter amparo na Lei de Terceirização, sob pena de ser considerado nulo.
De uma maneira geral, o contrato deve conter os seguintes elementos:
- identificação das partes envolvidas;
- objeto do contrato de prestação de serviços;
- obrigações da contratada e do contratante;
- prazos de execução;
- condições de pagamento exigidas;
- serviços a serem prestados;
- dados referentes à rescisão do contrato;
- dados do foro no qual serão realizadas possíveis audiências;
- motivos da contratação;
- responsabilidades do tomador de serviços.
Fiscalizar os serviços prestados
O Enunciado nº 331 do Tribunal Superior do Trabalho (TST) determina que as empresas contratantes (tomadoras) têm responsabilidade subsidiária quanto ao contrato do funcionário. Nesse sentido, ela está sujeita a responder via judicial ou arcar com custos processuais em decorrência da violação de direitos trabalhistas.
A empresa que presta a terceirização de forma ilegal está cometendo uma irregularidade. Sendo assim, a Justiça do Trabalho identifica a ilegalidade e reconhece a existência do vínculo trabalhista entre os empregados que estão prestando os serviços e a empresa contratante (tomadora). Isso ignifica que a empresa contratante tem responsabilidade sobre os funcionários contratados pela empresa terceirizada. Desse modo, ela poderá ser condenada a arcar com eventuais custos processuais de uma demanda trabalhista, por exemplo.
Assim, se porventura, a empresa prestadora de serviços não cumprir com as suas obrigações legais e deixar de pagar os salários dos funcionários ou outros encargos trabalhistas e fiscais, a empresa tomadora passará a ter essa responsabilidade. Logo, esta será condenada a pagar pelas verbas trabalhistas e rescisórias.
Portanto, é essencial que a empresa tomadora controle e fiscalize as atividades, de forma a garantir que os serviços estão sendo prestados conforme as determinações legais. O ideal é pesquisar bastante e ter referências sobre a empresa terceirizada antes de fechar o contrato de prestação de serviços.
Verificar as situações de periculosidade e insalubridade
O empregado terceirizado tem o direito a receber adicionais de insalubridade e periculosidade, assim como o trabalhador celetista. Essa primeira verba é garantida por lei a todos os profissionais que estão submetidos à exposição a agentes físicos, químicos ou biológicos, conforme determina a Regulamentação do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE).
Por sua vez, o adicional de periculosidade deve ser pago ao trabalhador que desempenha as suas atividades laborais em ambientes perigosos ou hostis à sua integridade física, como elementos inflamáveis, explosivos, armas de fogo, energia elétrica, altura etc. Nesse sentido, o contrato de terceirização deve conter cláusulas específicas que obriguem a empresa a arcar com o pagamento desses adicionais.
Exigir um seguro de acidentes de trabalho
Existe a corresponsabilidade da empresa contratante no que se refere aos casos de acidentes de trabalho. Isso significa que nada impede que as despesas indenizatórias possam ficar a cargo da empresa tomadora que contratou a terceirizada, independentemente do ramo, seja contábil, de segurança, alimentício etc.
Para evitar essa situação, é importante exigir que a prestadora de serviço se proteja e tenha um plano de cobertura contra acidentes de trabalho. Trata-se de uma forma de proteger a saúde e a integridade dos funcionários e evitar problemas judiciais no futuro.
Além disso, a empresa prestadora de serviços também deve oferecer aparelhos EPIs (Equipamento de Proteção Individual) aos seus funcionários, de acordo com os serviços que eles desempenham. Por outro lado, a empresa contratante também tem o dever de providenciar os equipamentos de proteção coletiva, além de garantir os mínimos riscos possíveis para a segurança dos empregados que executarão as devidas funções.
Exigir a comprovação dos pagamentos
A empresa contratante deve ter o cuidado de solicitar sempre à empresa prestadora de serviços os comprovantes de pagamento, de modo acompanhar a situação da terceirizada e garantir que ela está cumprindo com as obrigações trabalhistas, como pagamento do salário de funcionários e de verbas trabalhistas, fiscais e previdenciárias.
Esse controle contínuo é muito importante. Assim, caso ocorra algum problema, a empresa contratante pode se proteger e reincidir o contrato alegando o seu descumprimento, antes de figurar como ré (juntamente com a empresa prestadora) em uma demanda judicial e ser configurada a responsabilidade subsidiária.
Contratar funcionários terceirizados pode ser uma estratégia vantajosa e que impacta diretamente nos resultados do negócio. Portanto, a escolha da empresa prestadora de serviços deve ser criteriosa e cuidadosa. Assim, você garante que todos os procedimentos legais estão sendo devidamente cumpridos e evitar sofrer prejuízos futuros.
É importante estar atento à legislação para proteger a sua empresa. Que tal continuar conhecendo mais sobre o universo jurídico? Assine a nossa newsletter e receba artigos exclusivos na sua caixa de e-mails!
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